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Hydrocodone Drug Test
- OxyContin®, Percodan®, Percocet®, Oxycodone Test
What is
Hydrocodone?
Hydrocodone
addiction is a growing crisis in the United States. While illegal drugs like
cocaine, marijuana, methamphetamine, and heroin remain in the headlines many
individuals may be surprised to know that hydrocodone addiction could lurk right
behind them as one of the most widely-abused drugs of addiction. In fact, the
FDA believes hydrocodone may be the most abused prescription drug in the
country. Nationwide, its use has quadrupled in the last ten years, while
emergency room visits attributed to hydrocodone abuse soared 500 percent.
Hydrocodone
is a narcotic that can produce a calm, euphoric state similar to heroin or
morphine--and despite such important and obvious benefits in pain relief,
evidence is pointing to chronic addiction. Pure hydrocodone is a Schedule II
substance, closely controlled with restricted use. But very few prescription
drugs are pure hydrocodone. Instead, small amounts of hydrocodone are mixed with
other non-narcotic ingredients to create medicines like Vicodin and Lortab. This
means they can be classified under Schedule III with fewer restrictions on their
use and distribution.
Hydrocodone Side Effects
Hydrocodone
is an effective antitussive (anti-cough) agent, and as an opiate it is also an
effective analgesic for mild to moderate pain control. Five mg of Hydrocodone is
equivalent to 30 mg of codeine when administered orally. Early comparisons
concluded that Hydrocodone and morphine were equivalent for pain control in
humans. However, it is now considered that a dose of 15 mg (1/4 gr) of
Hydrocodone is equivalent to 10 mg (1/6 gr) of morphine. Hydrocodone is
considered to be morphine-like in all respects.
Hydrocodone
abuse is an increasing trend in non-chronic pain suffering persons. The abuser
of these drugs has been shown not to be the inner city youth, but instead a
famous actor, a suburban real estate agent, or your next door neighbor. First
time abuse of these drugs has been surging, most commonly with the oxycodone and
Hydrocodone type painkillers. The two differ slightly in their chemical makeup
but have a similar effect on the body.
Hydrocodone
side effects include but are not limited to:
What is Oxycodone?
Oxycodone is a semi-synthetic opioid with a structural
similarity to codeine. The drug is manufactured by modifying thebaine, an
alkaloid found in the opium poppy. Oxycodone, like all opiate agonists, provides
pain relief by acting on opioid receptors in the spinal cord, brain, and
possibly directly in the affected tissues. Oxycodone is prescribed for the
relief of moderate to high pain under the well-known pharmaceutical trade names
of OxyContin®, Tylox®, Percodan® and Percocet®. While Tylox, Percodan and
Percocet contain only small doses of oxycodone hydrochloride combined with other
analgesics such as acetaminophen or aspirin, OxyContin consists solely of
oxycodone hydrochloride in a time-release form.
Oxycodone is known to metabolize by
demethylation into oxymorphone and noroxycodone. In a 24-hour urine,
33-61% of a single, 5mg oral dose is excreted with the primary constituents
being unchanged drug (13-19%), conjugated drug (7-29%) and conjugated
oxymorphone (13-14%)1.
The window of detection for oxycodone in urine is expected to be similar to that
of other opioids such as morphine.
Detailed OxyContin Information
For information on how long drugs stay in your system, see
Drug Detection Window.
Home Drug Test Kits
The OXYCODONE One Step Oxycodone
Test Device yields a positive result when the oxycodone level in urine exceeds
100 ng/mL.
1 Panel Oxycodone Drug Test Dip |
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Description
The OXYCODONE One Step Oxycodone Test
Strip is a lateral flow chromatographic immunoassay for the
qualitative detection of oxycodone in human urine at a cut-off
concentration of 100 ng/mL.
#DIP-OXY - Oxycodone Drug Dip Test
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Other Single Panel Drug Test Dips |
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Description
This is a single panel drug test dip. That
will test for one drug at a time. We offer the following drug
test dip strips:
#DIP-AMP
- Amphetamine
#DIP-BAR
- Barbiturates
#DIP-BZO
- Benzodiazepines
#DIP-COC
- Cocaine
#DIP-mAMP
- Methamphetamines
#DIP-MDMA
- Ecstasy
#DIP-MTD
- Methadone
#DIP-OPI
- Opiate
#DIP-PCP
- Phencyclidine
#DIP-THC - Marijuana |
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The following table lists compounds that produced positive results on the
OXYCODONE One Step Oxycodone Test Strip at a read time of 5 minutes:
| Compound |
Concentration (ng/mL) |
| Oxycodone |
100
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| Codeine |
50,000 |
| Dihydrocodeine |
12,500 |
| Ethylmorphine |
25,000 |
| Hydrocodone |
1,562
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| Hydromorphone |
12,500 |
| Oxymorphone |
1,562
|
| Thebaine |
50,000 |
Click here for
Multi-Panel Drug Tests
(to test for 2 to 12 drugs in one test).
OxyContin Information, Use, Testing and
Treatment
OxyContin is the brand name for an opioid
analgesic containing the active ingredient oxycodone. OxyContin is a legal
narcotic that is available, by prescription, to treat severe pain. It is
classified as a Schedule II drug, meaning it has a high potential for drug
addiction and is only available by prescription from a licensed physician.
OxyContin most commonly exists in tablet form. These round pills come in
10mg, 20mg, 40mg, 80mg and 160mg dosages. OxyContin also comes in capsule or
liquid form.
Q.) What is OxyContin?
A.) OxyContin, approved by the FDA in 1995, is
an opium derivative that contains the same active ingredient as Percodan and
Percocet. OxyContin is intended for use by terminal cancer patients and chronic
pain sufferers. The structural formula for oxycodone hydrochloride is as
follows: The chemical formula is 4,
5-epoxy-14-hydroxy-3-methoxy-17-methylmorphinan-6-one hydrochloride. OxyContin
is designed so that the oxycodone is slowly released over time.
Oxycodone is a white, odorless, crystalline
powder derived from the opium alkaloid. Oxycodone hydrochloride dissolves in
water (1 g in 6 to 7
mL). It is slightly soluble in alcohol (octanol water partition coefficient
0.7). The tablets contain the following inactive ingredients: ammonio
methacrylate copolymer, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, lactose, magnesium
stearate, povidone, red iron oxide (20 mg strength tablet only), stearyl
alcohol, talc, titanium dioxide, triacetin, yellow iron oxide (40 mg strength
tablet only), and other ingredients.
Q.) What are the various strengths of
OxyContin?
A.) OxyContin (oxycodone hydrochloride
controlled-release) tablets are an opioid analgesic supplied in 10 mg, 20 mg, 40
mg, and 80 mg tablet strengths for oral administration. The tablet strengths
describe the amount of oxycodone per tablet as the hydrochloride salt.
Of the various strengths of OxyContin, the most
commonly abused and diverted strength is the 40 mg tablets, although all
strengths (10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg, 80 mg, and 160 mg.) have been encountered.
Q.) What are the slang terms used for
OxyContin?
A.) Below is a list of common slang terms used
for OxyContin:
- 40 = OxyContin pill
- 40 = OxyContin pill
- 80 = OxyContin pill
- Doctor shopping = The practice of going from doctor to doctor to
obtain prescriptions for pharmaceuticals
- Hillbilly heroin = OxyContin
- Kicker = OxyContin
- Oxy = OxyContin
- Oxycotton = OxyContin
- Pharming = Consuming a mixture of prescription substances
- Pill ladies = Female senior citizens who sell OxyContin
Q.) How does OxyContin work?
A.) OxyContin is an opiate agonist. Opiate
agonists provide pain relief by acting on opioid receptors in the spinal cord,
brain, and possibly in the tissues directly. Opioids, natural or synthetic
classes of drugs that act like morphine, are the most effective pain relievers
available. OxyContin is manufactured by modifying an alkaloid found in opium.
OxyContin is a central nervous system depressant. OxyContin's action appears to
work through stimulating the opioid receptors found in the central nervous
system that activate responses ranging from analgesia to respiratory depression
and euphoria.
Q.)
How is OxyContin used?
A.) When used properly, OxyContin contains a
time-release mechanism that spreads the release of the drug over a 12-hour
period. The time-release mechanism can be circumvented by crushing the tablet
and the drug can be used in one of the following ways:
- The tablets can be chewed
- The tablets can be crushed, then snorted like cocaine
- The tablets can be crushed, dissolved in water, then injected like
heroin
Q.) Why would someone abuse OxyContin?
A.) OxyContin abuse is spreading for a variety
of reasons. First, the elevated opiate dosage makes it highly addictive. Second,
in contrast to drugs such as cocaine or heroin that can be laced with other
substances, with OxyContin you know how much of the drug you are getting. Since
the dosage is consistent, it delivers a dependable high. Finally, OxyContin is
covered by most health insurance plans, so it is significantly cheaper than
street drugs.
OxyContin Abuse is becoming a wide spread
problem in America. OxyContin is a leading treatment for chronic pain, but
officials fear it may succeed crack cocaine on the street. The DEA says it is
only a matter of time before every community in the country is confronted with
the problem of OxyContin abuse. No prescription drug in the last 20 years has
been so widely abused after its release, federal officials say.
Q.) What are the effects of OxyContin?
A.) OxyContin will give you a high much like
high grade heroin but with worse consequences. A 5mg tablet of OxyContin has has
as many active ingredients as 1 Percocet. So, chewing or snorting a 40mg tablet
of OxyContin is similar to taking 8 Percocets at once. An 80mg tablet of
OxyContin is like taking 16 Percocets all at once.
Users of OxyContin might experience:
- euphoria
- relaxation
- calm
- stoned / high
Q.) What are the side effects of OxyContin?
A.) Respiratory depression is the chief hazard
of OxyContin. Respiratory depression occurs most frequently in elderly or
debilitated patients, usually following large initial doses in non-tolerant
patients. There is also a big risk when OxyContin is given in conjunction with
other substances that depress respiration. Common OxyContin side effects are
constipation, nausea, sedation, dizziness, vomiting, headache, dry mouth,
sweating, and weakness.
The side effects of OxyContin include but are
not limited to:
- Gastrointestinal Tract and Other Smooth Muscle
Oxycodone causes a reduction in motility associated with an increase in
smooth muscle tone in the antrum of the stomach and duodenum. Digestion of
food in the small intestine is delayed and propulsive contractions are
decreased. Propulsive peristaltic waves in the colon are decreased, while
tone may be increased to the point of spasm resulting in constipation. Other
opioid-induced effects may include a reduction in gastric, biliary and
pancreatic secretions, spasm of sphincter of Oddi, and transient elevations
in serum amylase.
- Cardiovascular System
Oxycodone may produce release of histamine with or without associated
peripheral vasodilation. Manifestations of histamine release and/or
peripheral vasodilation may include pruritus, flushing, red eyes, sweating,
and/or orthostatic hypotension.
- Concentration--Efficacy Relationships (Pharmacodynamics)
Studies in normal volunteers and patients reveal predictable relationships
between oxycodone dosage and plasma oxycodone concentrations, as well as
between concentration and certain expected opioid effects. In normal
volunteers these include pupillary constriction, sedation and overall "drug
effect" and in patients, analgesia and feelings of "relaxation." In
non-tolerant patients, analgesia is not usually seen at a plasma oxycodone
concentration of less than 5&10 mg/mL.
Q.) What is OxyContin addiction?
A.) Physical addiction to OxyContin which is
sometimes unavoidable, develops when an individual is exposed to OxyContin at a
high enough dose for an extended period of time. The user's body adapts and
develops a tolerance for the OxyContin. This means that higher doses are needed
to achieve the drug's original effects. OxyContin mimics the action of chemicals
in your brain that send messages of pleasure to your brain's reward center. It
produces an artificial feeling of pleasure. OxyContin is able to produce
pleasurable effects by acting like normal brain messenger chemicals, which
produce positive feelings in response to signals from the brain.
The result is of the predictable drug which,
short circuits interests in and the motivation to make life's normal rewards
work. More and more confidence is placed in OxyContin while other survival
feelings are ignored and bypassed. The result of this addiction cycle is a lack
of concern for, and confidence in, other areas of life.
Signs of OxyContin Addiction
There are many physical and emotional signs of
OxyContin addiction. OxyContin addiction will leave the user suffering
physically painful symptoms if their bodies do not get more OxyContin. Signs of
OxyContin addiction can include insomnia, muscle and bone pain, sweats,
diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, stomach cramping, muscle twitching, as well as other
physical effects. The increase in OxyContin addictions has resulted in criminal
acts to steal OxyContin. Now, OxyContin labeling changes are being made in hopes
of reducing the risk of over prescribing OxyContin and as a result, reducing
OxyContin addiction.
When patients are in extreme pain and take
OxyContin as directed, or to the point where their pain is adequately
controlled, it is not abuse or addiction. Abuse occurs when patients take more
than is needed for pain control, especially if they take it to get high.
Patients who take their medication in a manner that grossly differs from a
physician’s directions are probably abusing that drug.
If a patient continues to seek excessive pain
medication after pain management is achieved, the patient may be addicted.
OxyContin addiction is characterized by the repeated, compulsive use of a
substance despite adverse social, psychological, and/or physical consequences.
OxyContin drug is crushed and then ingested,
snorted, or diluted in water and injected. Crushing or diluting the tablet
disarms the timed-release action of OxyContin to cause a quick and powerful
heroin-like high. Some areas in the country have replaced the use of heroin with
the drug OxyContin.
OxyContin’s manufacturer, Purdue Pharma, has
taken steps to reduce the potential for abuse of the medication. An alternative
to OxyContin without the addictive traits is being studied, but if another
medicine is created it will not be available for a significant amount of time.
Until then, Purdue Pharma has been trying to develop ways of preventing more
instances of abuse and addiction to OxyContin.
Home Drug Tests
Signs of OxyContin addiction included but are
not limited to:
- Slow breathing (less than ten breaths a minute is really serious
trouble)
- Small, pinpoint pupils
- Confusion
- Being tired, nodding off, or passing out
- Dizziness
- Weakness
- Apathy (they don’t care about anything)
- Cold and clammy skin
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Seizures
A lot of these signs of OxyContin addiction
can make people think their friend is drunk. And they may be tempted to let
them sleep it off, or tell their parents they had too much to drink. But
don’t. The friend could go to sleep and never wake up.
Q.) What are the symptoms of OxyContin
withdrawal?
A.) OxyContin withdrawal is similar heroin
withdrawal in that it is almost impossible to go through alone. Withdrawal
symptoms of OxyContin are worse than heroin and last longer. Professional help
from a drug rehab center is the best and safest way to do this. Unfortunately,
there is no known "painless" method for OxyContin withdrawal.
OxyContin withdrawal symptoms include but are
not limited to:
- perpetually being tired
- hot/cold sweats
- heart palpitations
- joints and muscles in constant pain
- vomiting
- nausea
- uncontrollable coughing
- diarrhea
- insomnia
- watery eyes
- excessive yawning
- depression
Q.) What are the symptoms of an OxyContin
overdose?
A.) OxyContin is designed so that the oxycodone
is slowly released over time, allowing it to be used twice daily. You should
never break, chew, or crush the OxyContin tablet since this causes a large
amount of oxycodone to be released from the tablet all at once. This could
potentially result in a dangerous or fatal OxyContin overdose.
An overdose of OxyContin is serious and may
require hospitalization. Occasionally, the individual needs to be temporarily
hooked to a ventilator to help him breath until the OxyContin wears off.
Indications of an OxyContin overdose are:
- slow breathing (respiratory depression)
- seizures
- dizziness
- weakness
- loss of consciousness
- coma
- confusion
- tiredness
- cold and clammy skin
- small pupils
- reduced vision
- nausea
- vomiting
- clouding of mental functions
Q.) How is OxyContin detox accomplished?
A.) OxyContin detox is accomplished similarly to
other drug detoxification. The individual is stepped down slowly off their dose
of OxyContin until they no longer physically need to take it. Without this
process, the withdrawal symptoms from OxyContin may be so severe that OxyContin
detox may seem impossible to the individual.
OxyContin detox not only helps in easing the
withdrawal symptoms experienced by the individual, but it also helps in the path
of OxyContin addiction recovery. Detox from OxyContin is invaluable to recovery
because it helps in diminishing cravings for OxyContin as well as ridding the
body of harmful toxins deposited during OxyContin use.
Q.) What steps are currently being taken to
address the widespread abuse of OxyContin?
A.) DEA’s approach to dealing with the abuse and
diversion of OxyContin® is consistent with the methods normally used in
combating the diversion of pharmaceutical controlled substances. These
approaches include; liaison with the heathcare community, the pharmaceutical
industry, and other domestic and international agencies; education of medical
professionals regarding various scams that are used to obtain controlled
substances for illicit purposes; and the investigation of suspected diverters.
Q.) What are some fast facts about
OxyContin?
A.)
- OxyContin, approved by the FDA in 1995, is a time-released form of
oxycodone, an opium derivative, which is the same active ingredient in
Percodan and Percocet.
- The powerful prescription pain reliever has become a hot new street
drug that has resulted in more than 120 deaths nationwide.
- Addiction and abuse of the drug, crime, and fatal overdoses have all
been reported as a result of OxyContin use.
- OxyContin is intended for use by terminal cancer patients and
chronic pain sufferers.
- It has been reported that OxyContin sales exceeded $1 billion in the
United States in the year 2000.
Q.) What is the history of OxyContin?
A.) Oxycodone, the active ingredient in
OxyContin®, is a semi-synthetic opiate derived from thebaine, an element of
morphine. Oxycodone has been in medical use for moderate to severe pain for many
years, under a variety of brand names. Two drawbacks of the previously available
brands are; they are available only in low dosages, so some patients must take
many pills a day to get relief; they are found in combination with other drugs,
like acetaminophen or aspirin, which can cause dangerous side effects when taken
in large quantities.
OxyContin® went on the market in 1996. For
patients with serious, ongoing pain, the drug is highly preferable to previous
brands because it avoids their two drawbacks. OxyContin® contains no other
active ingredients which can cause side effects. It comes in larger dosages with
a special timed-release coating, so patients may take only two pills a day.
Legal sales of OxyContin® in 1996 reportedly
totaled about $40 million. By 2000, sales were greater than $1 billion, making
it the number one narcotic pain relief pill. Most of the pills sold are believed
to have been used by legitimate patients.
In May 2001 OxyContin®’s manufacturer
voluntarily stopped selling their 160 milligram pill. The dosage in these pills,
if taken all at once, could kill a first-time user. Critics of the company
feared that this move would not have much of an effect, as the 160 mg pills only
made up about 1% of the total amount of OxyContin® available.
Purdue Pharma announced in early August 2001
that they are working on a new formulation of the drug that would make it harder
to abuse. Such a formulation could take three years or more to come to market,
however.
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Oxycodone Drug Test Product Overview
Oxycodone, active
ingredient in the pharmaceutical brands Oxycontin®, Percodan® and Percocet®, is
an opiod drug that is chemically derived from the opiate codeine. Although the
drug has been in existence for decades, the recent awareness of oxycodone as an
abused drug and it’s implication in fatal overdoses warrants an immediate need
for an accurate, rapid drug screen specifically designed to detect oxycodone.
Some relevant statistics include the following:
As of 2001, with sales nearing
$1.5 billion, OxyContin® ranked #1 in retail sales of branded controlled
pharmaceuticals1.
In the 2002 Monitoring the
Future study, 4% of students surveyed indicated Oxycodone use by 12th grade2.
With secondary school enrollment of an estimated 13, 400,000 students, 4%
represents more than 535,000 students admitting to Oxycodone use.
Oxycodone specific mentions in
hospital Emergency Departments rose 59% to 7,828 in the first half of 20023.
While some
commercially available morphine/opiate immunoassays exhibit some degree of
cross-reactivity to oxycodone, most do so at such high levels that they are not
amenable to detecting the drug in routine use. Likewise, most confirmation
laboratories do not include oxycodone in the standard confirmation procedure for
opiates. As such, development of a rapid immunoassay for the specific detection
of oxycodone will enable the test administrator to know whether the person might
be positive for that drug and request the oxycodone-specific confirmation at the
laboratory. In addition, it will be critically important that the
oxycodone assay not routinely cross-react with morphine, codeine or their
respective conjugates.
1
OxyContin® Diversion and Abuse,
U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) publication.
http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drugs_concern/oxycodone/oxy_061102.pdf
2 Johnston,
L.D., O’Malley, C. M., & Bachman, J. G. (2003). Monitoring the Future
national results of adolescent drug use; overview of key findings for 2002.
(NIH publication 03-5374). Bethesda, MD. National Institute on Drug Abuse.
3 Substance
Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies.
Emergency Department Trends From the Drug Abuse Warning Network, Preliminary
Estimates January-June 2002, DAWN Series: D-22, DHHS Publication No. (SMA)
03-3779, Rockville, MD, 2002.
One Step
Oxycodone Test Device
A rapid, one step test for the qualitative
detection of oxycodone in human urine.
For healthcare professionals including professionals at point of care sites
For in vitro diagnostic use only.
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The OXYCODONE One Step Oxycodone Test Device is a
rapid chromatographic immunoassay for the qualitative detection of oxycodone in
human urine at a cut-off concentration of 100 ng/mL.
This assay provides
only a preliminary analytical test result. A more specific alternate chemical
method must be used in order to obtain a confirmed analytical result. Gas
chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is the preferred confirmatory method.
Clinical consideration and professional judgment should be applied to any drug
of abuse test result, particularly when preliminary positive results are used.
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Oxycodone is a semi-synthetic opioid with a
structural similarity to codeine. The drug is manufactured by modifying
thebaine, an alkaloid found in the opium poppy. Oxycodone, like all opiate
agonists, provides pain relief by acting on opioid receptors in the spinal cord,
brain, and possibly directly in the affected tissues. Oxycodone is prescribed
for the relief of moderate to high pain under the well-known pharmaceutical
trade names of OxyContin®, Tylox®, Percodan® and Percocet®. While Tylox,
Percodan and Percocet contain only small doses of oxycodone hydrochloride
combined with other analgesics such as acetaminophen or aspirin, OxyContin
consists solely of oxycodone hydrochloride in a time-release form.
Oxycodone is known to metabolize by demethylation into oxymorphone and
noroxycodone. In a 24-hour urine, 33-61% of a single, 5mg oral dose is excreted
with the primary constituents being unchanged drug (13-19%), conjugated drug
(729%) and conjugated oxymorphone (13-14%)1.
The window of detection for oxycodone in urine is expected to be similar to that
of other opioids such as morphine. The OXYCODONE One Step Oxycodone Test Device
yields a positive result when the oxycodone level in urine exceeds 100 ng/mL.
At present, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
(SAMHSA) does not have a recommended screening cutoff for oxycodone positive
specimens.
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The OXYCODONE
One Step Oxycodone Test Device is an immunoassay based on the principle of
competitive binding. Drugs which may be present in the urine specimen compete
against the drug conjugate for binding sites on the antibody. During
testing, a urine specimen migrates upward by capillary action. Oxycodone, if
present in the urine specimen below 100 ng/mL, will not saturate the binding
sites of antibody in the test device. The antibody coated particles will then be
captured by immobilized Oxycodone conjugate and a visible colored line will
appear in the test line region. The colored line will not form in the test line
region if the Oxycodone level exceeds 100 ng/mL because it will saturate all the
binding sites of anti-Oxycodone antibody. A drug-positive urine specimen will
not generate a colored line in the test line region because of drug competition,
while a drug-negative urine specimen or a specimen containing a drug
concentration less than the cut-off will generate a line in the test line
region. To serve as a procedural control, a colored line will always appear at
the control line region, indicating that proper volume of specimen has been
added and membrane wicking has occurred.
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The test device
contains monoclonal anti-Oxycodone antibody-coupled particles and
Oxycodone-protein conjugate. A
goat antibody is employed in the control line.
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For healthcare
professionals including professionals at point of care sites.
·
For in vitro
diagnostic use only. Do not use after the expiration date.
·
The test device should
remain in the sealed pouch until ready for use.
·
All specimens should be
considered potentially hazardous and handled in the same manner as an infectious
agent.
·
Used test device should
be discarded according to federal, state and local regulations.
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Store as packaged in
the sealed pouch at 2-30°C. The test device is stable through the expiration
date printed on the sealed pouch. The test device must remain in the sealed
pouch until use. DO NOT FREEZE. Do not use beyond the expiration date.
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Urine Assay
The urine specimen must be
collected in a clean and dry container. Urine collected at any time of the day
may be used. Urine specimens exhibiting visible precipitates should be
centrifuged, filtered, or allowed to settle to obtain clear specimen for
testing.
Specimen Storage
Urine specimens may
be stored at 2-8°C for up to 48 hours prior to testing. For prolonged storage,
specimens may be frozen and stored below -20°C. Frozen specimens should be
thawed and mixed before testing.
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·
Test devices
·
Disposable specimen
droppers
·
Package insert
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·
Specimen collection
container
·
Timer
·
External controls
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Allow test device, urine specimen, and/or
controls to equilibrate to room temperature (15-30°C) prior to testing.
1.
Bring the pouch
to room temperature before opening it. Remove the test device from the sealed
pouch and use it as soon as possible.
2.
Place the test
device on a clean and level surface. Hold the dropper vertically and transfer 3
full drops of urine (approx. 100µl) to the specimen well (S) of the test device,
and then start the timer. Avoid trapping air bubbles in the specimen well (S).
Refer to illustration.
3.
Wait for the red
line(s) to appear. The result should be read at 5 minutes. Results may be stable
up to 4 hours after test initiation.
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(Please refer to illustration
above)
NEGATIVE:* Two lines appear.
One red line should be in the
control region (C), and another apparent red or pink line should be in the test
region (T). This negative result indicates that the Oxycodone concentration is
below the detectable level (100 ng/mL).
* NOTE: The shade of red in the test region (T) may
vary, but it should be considered negative whenever there is even a faint pink
line.
POSITIVE: One red line appears in the control
region (C).
No line appears in the test region. This positive result indicates
that the Oxycodone concentration is above the detectable level (100 ng/mL).
INVALID: Control line fails to appear.
Insufficient specimen volume or incorrect procedural techniques are the most
likely reasons for control line failure. Review the procedure and repeat the
test using a new test device. If the problem persists, discontinue using the lot
immediately and contact your local distributor.
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A procedural control
is included in the test. A red line appearing in the control region (C) is
considered as an internal procedural control. It confirms sufficient specimen
volume, adequate membrane wicking and correct procedural technique.
Control standards
are not supplied with this kit; however, it is recommended that positive and
negative controls be tested as a good laboratory practice to confirm the test
procedure and to verify proper test performance. Users should follow
local, state, and federal guidelines for testing QC materials.
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1.
The OXYCODONE One
Step Oxycodone Test Device provides only a qualitative, preliminary analytical
result. A secondary analytical method must be used to obtain a confirmed result.
Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) are the preferred confirmatory
methods.1,2
2.
It is possible
that technical or procedural errors, as well as other interfering substances in
the urine specimen may cause erroneous results.
3.
Adulterants, such
as bleach and/or alum, in urine specimens may produce erroneous results
regardless of the analytical method used. If adulteration is suspected, the test
should be repeated with another urine specimen.
4.
A Positive Result
does not indicate level or intoxication, administration route or concentration
in urine.
5.
A Negative Result
may not necessarily indicate drug-free urine. Negative results can be
obtained when drug is present but below the cutoff level of the test.
6.
Test does not
distinguish between drugs of abuse and certain medications.
FOR MORE INFORMATION ON OTHER DRUGS OF
ABUSE, SEE THE INFORMATION BELOW.
TO PURCHASE INSTANT DRUG TEST
KITS AND SUPPLIES, JUST CLICK ON ONE OF THE LINKS TO THE LEFT....
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